TUTORIAL

1)WHAT IS JAVA VIRTUAL MACHINE?

A Java virtual machine (JVM) is a virtual machine that can execute Java bytecode. It is the code execution component of the Java software platform. Sun Microsystems has stated that there are over 5.5 billion JVM-enabled devices.

Data Types in Java

There are two data types available in Java:

• Primitive Data Types
• Reference/Object Data Types

Primitive Data Types:

There are eight primitive data types supported by Java. Primitive data types are predefined by the language and named by a key word. Let us now look into detail about the eight primitive data types.

• byte
• short
• int
• long
• float
• double
• boolean
• char

Reference Data Types:

• Reference variables are created using defined constructors of the classes. They are used to access objects. These variables are declared to be of a specific type that cannot be changed. For example, Employee, Puppy etc.
• Class objects, and various type of array variables come under reference data type.
• Default value of any reference variable is null.
• A reference variable can be used to refer to any object of the declared type or any compatible type
  
  

  Operators

  Now that you've learned how to declare and initialize variables, you probably want to know how to do something with them. Learning the operators of the Java programming language is a good place to start. Operators are special symbols that perform specific operations on one, two, or three operands, and then return a result.
  As we explore the operators of the Java programming language, it may be helpful for you to know ahead of time which operators have the highest precedence. The operators in the following table are listed according to precedence order. The closer to the top of the table an operator appears, the higher its precedence. Operators with higher precedence are evaluated before operators with relatively lower precedence. Operators on the same line have equal precedence. When operators of equal precedence appear in the same expression, a rule must govern which is evaluated first. All binary operators except for the assignment operators are evaluated from left to right; assignment operators are evaluated right to left.
  

  Operator Precedence

  Operators	Precedence
  postfix	expr++ expr--
  unary	++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ !
  multiplicative	* / %
  additive	+ -
  shift	<< >> >>>
  relational	< > <= >= instanceof
  equality	== !=
  bitwise AND	&
  bitwise exclusive OR	^
  bitwise inclusive OR	|
  logical AND	&&
  logical OR	||
  ternary	? :
  assignment	= += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= >>>=

  
  In general-purpose programming, certain operators tend to appear more frequently than others; for example, the assignment operator "=" is far more common than the unsigned right shift operator ">>>". With that in mind, the following discussion focuses first on the operators that you're most likely to use on a regular basis, and ends focusing on those that are less common. Each discussion is accompanied by sample code that you can compile and run. Studying its output will help reinforce what you've just learned

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